Tested items:
FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone, follicular maturation hormone) is a sex hormone that is produced in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Although FSH and LH are required for normal sexual function in both men and women, the process of excretion in the body is very different for the two sexes.
LH (luteinizing hormone) is a sex hormone that is produced in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. In men, it stimulates the production of testosterone in the Leydig cells of the testicles. The secretion of LH is different for the two sexes, but its presence is essential for normal sexual function. The examination of hormone levels aims to detect the possible cause of infertility, to detect abnormalities of the pituitary gland or gonads.
Testosterone is produced by the Leydig cells in the male testicles, and it affects the production of sperm, the behaviour of men, and the condition of their muscles and bones. Testosterone causes secondary sexual characteristics: beard, moustache, hair, and is responsible for the function of the accessory gonads, prostate, and semen.
The most common causes of testosterone decrease in men are: hypogonadism, orchidectomy (testicular removal), oestrogen therapy, Klinefelter syndrome, hypopituitarism, and liver cirrhosis.
Although the hormone prolactin is best known as a pregnancy hormone, it is nevertheless produced in both non-pregnant women and men, but in low amounts. Prolactin levels fluctuate during the day, so we do not get the same value in the morning and evening, and certain medications can increase its levels.
Elevated prolactin levels can in many cases indicate hypothyroidism, which is associated with unpleasant symptoms such as infertility, decreased libido, and hair loss. In rare and more severe cases, pituitary tumours may be suspected, in which case a cranial MRI examination may be performed.
SHBG is a transport protein produced by the liver, which binds and transports 60% of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and oestrogen in plasma.
Laboratory diagnostic significance of the test: When measuring low and high testosterone levels, measurement of SHBG is recommended. From the concentration of SHBG and testosterone, the concentration of biologically active hormone (free androgen index) can be calculated.
Laboratory testing of male hormones alone is not yet sufficient to make a diagnosis. If your complaints persist, or based on the results of a laboratory test it is justified, our experienced urologists are available to determine treatments or further tests (such as endocrinology).
Having an empty stomach is not required for laboratory testing of male hormones.
After the 5th working day following the test.
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